Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Astara Branch, Islamic Azad University, Astara, I.R. of Iran
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that effects on many agronomic, nutritional, physiological, and biochemical processes of crops. In order to investigate the effect of different levels of salinity on morphological and physiological traits in different varieties of maize, a factorial experiment was designed in the base on randomized complete block. The first factor was three salinities levels zero, 50 and 100 mM sodium chloride and the second factor was seven maize cultivars Sc302, Zp684, Sc700, Bc662, Simon, Sc704 and Sc301. The results indicated that with increasing NaCl levels, plant height, LRWC and chlorophyll pigment decreased significantly and proline, sodium and catalase increased significantly. interaction cultivar in salinity was significant for sodium concentration, plant height, LRWC, proline and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme activity. The highest activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme was obtained at 100 mM salinity in Sc301 and Zp684 with 5.22 and 3.62 units/min gram of leaf wet weight, respectively. A positive and significant correlation was obtained between the LRWC with chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, the ratio of two chlorophylls, leaf sodium and catalase enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase and proline. resistant Cultivars to salinity stress tolerated induced salinity stress by increasing osmolality and antioxidant enzyme activity, and among them, Zp684 resistant cultivar and Simon sensitive to salinity were identified.
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