Variability in phytochemical traits, antioxidant activity, and oilseed composition of the three perilla (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.) varieties at different phenological stages

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Zahra Sarem 1
Hassan Sarikhani 2
Bohloul Abasszadeh 3
Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili 4
1 Department of Horticultural Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan - Iran
2 Department of Horticultural Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
3 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
4 Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran.
10.22034/jpr.2022.2186
Abstract
Perilla (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.) is a medicinal plant native to Asia, rich in polyphenolic compounds, anthocyanins, essential oil and fatty acids. In the present study, the variability of phytochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity and oil seed composition of the three varieties Iranian green-red and Chinese red and green-red at two phenological stages (pre-flowering and seed set) were investigated. The results showed a wide variation in phytochemical properties among plant samples and harvest stages. The highest total phenol and antioxidant activity were observed in the Chinese green-red variety at both harvesting stages. A remarkable variation in phenolic acid content was observed among the plant samples. The essential oil content (%w/w) ranged from 1.04% in Iranian green-red variety to 1.37% in Chinese red variety, both at pre-flowering stage. Examination of essential oil constituents showed a significant variation between varieties and harvest time and three chemotypes could be identified based on the composition of essential oil compounds. Perilla ketone (0.20-53.77%), methylgeranate (0.52-52.62%), ß-dehydro-elsholtzia ketone (0.41- 53.42%) and β-caryophyllene (3.11- 15.75%) were the major compounds in the plant samples collected at different phonological stages. Palmitic acid (C16: 0), stearic acid (C18: 0), oleic acid (C18: 1), linoleic acid (C18: 2) and α-linolenic acid (C18: 3) were the major fatty acids in samples. α-Linolenic acid was the predominant fatty acid in all the samples studied, ranging from 58.61 to 61.77%. The results revealed that Perilla varieties and phenological stages could affect on phytochemical profile.

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Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology)
Volume 37, Issue 1
Winter 2024
Pages 62-76

  • Receive Date 11 January 2022
  • Revise Date 26 January 2022
  • Accept Date 31 January 2022

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