نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم گیاهی- دانشکده علوم زیستی- دانشگاه خوارزمی- تهران- ایران
2 پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی- هرباریوم- دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد- مشهد- ایران
چکیده
در این مقاله هشتصد و چهلمین گونه از سرده گون برای فلور ایران گزارش می گردد. گونه آستراگالوس گلوبیسپس از بخشه آلوپکوروایدهای از شمال شرق ایران، استان خراسان، یافت گردید. این گونه قبلا از کشورهای قزاقستان، ازبکستان، قرقیزستان، تاجیکستان، ترکمنستان و افغانستان گزارش شده بود. تصویر و نقشه پراکنش این گونه به همراه شرحی از آن بر اساس نمونه گیاهی مشاهده شده و شرح های موجود ارایه می گردد.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
840th species of genus Astragalus (Fabaceae) for the flora of Iran from Khorassan Province as a new record: A. globiceps Bunge
نویسندگان [English]
1 Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Kharazmi University 43 Dr. Mofatteh Avenue Postal Code 15719-14911 Tehran, Iran
2 2Herbarium FUMH, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]
Here 840th species of genus Astragalus is recorded for flora of Iran. Astragalus globiceps Bunge, belonging to Astragalus section Alopecuroidei DC., is recognized in NE Iran, Khorassan Province. This species has already been recorded in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan and Afghanistan. The picture and distribution map are presented, together with a description on the basis of the mentioned specimen and previous descriptions.
کلیدواژهها [English]
840th species of genus Astragalus (Fabaceae) for the flora of Iran from Khorassan Province as a new record: A. globiceps Bunge
Ghahremaninejad F.1* and Joharchi M. R.2
1 Dept. of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Postal Code 1571914911, Tehran, I.R. of Iran
2Herbarium FUMH, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I.R. of Iran
Receive Date: 2017-10-08, Revise Date: 2017-10-23, Accept Date: 2017-10-24
Abstract
Here 840th species of genus Astragalus is recorded for flora of Iran. Astragalus globiceps Bunge, belonging to Astragalus section Alopecuroidei DC., is recognized in NE Iran, Khorassan Province. This species has already been recorded in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan and Afghanistan. The picture and distribution map are presented, together with a description on the basis of the mentioned specimen and previous descriptions.
Key words: Leguminosae, NE Iran, Papilionaceae, SW Asia, taxonomy
*corresponding author: ghahremaninejad@khu.ac.ir
Introduction
Genus Astragalus, with c. 2850 species, is the largest genus of spermatophytes on the planet [15]. It is also the largest genus in the flora of Iran. Due to its being included in family Leguminosae, this family has attained the first place in terms of species number in Iran [9]. Since the territory of Iran has diverse ecological niches, species of this giant genus are found in almost all parts of the country, including deserts, mountains, forests, etc [4, 6, 7, 13, 16].
The last report by Ghahremaninejad [8] as to the number of this genus in Iran, i.e. 826 species, has been increased to 839 in papers which followed [1-3, 5, 9, 10-12, 14]. It embraces approximately 10.4% of the angiosperm flora of Iran. In this paper, a new record of the genus is added to the flora of Iran, in Khorassan Province, which extends the number of Astragalus to 840th in the country.
Khorassan Provinces (i.e. Razavi Khorassan, North Khorassan, South Khorassan) comprise more than 200 Astragalus species, of which approximately 90 species are endemic. During the authors’ work on unknown specimens in the herbarium of FUMH for the project of “Astragalus in Khorassan Province”, Astragalus globiceps Bunge was recognized for the first time. This species belongs to sect. Alopecuroidei DC. This section includes seven species in Khorassan Provinces, of which two are endemic. The living residence of A. globiceps is Middle Asia (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (890 m), Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan) and N Afghanistan (930-1100 m) [15]. Therefore, this living residence must include Iran as well.
Results and Discussion
Taxonomic remarks
Genus Astragalus sect. Alopecuroidei DC.
Prodr. 2: 294. 1825. Type: A. alopecuroides L.
Syn.: A. sect. Alopecias (Steven) Bunge, Alopecias Steven.
This section includes 48 species, of which 24 (with 15 endemics) grow in Iran. There are seven species belonging to this section in Khorassan Provinces. The species in this provinces are as follow. A. alopecias Pall., A. kirrindicus Boiss. & Noë, A. neoassadianus Ranjbar (endemic to the province), A. neomaassoumianus Ranjbar (endemic to the province), A. obtusifolius DC., A. schahrudensis Bunge and A. turbinatus Bunge [15]. Adding A. globiceps Bunge to this list, the number of the species for the provinces increases to eight.
New Record
Astragalus globiceps Bunge, Trudy Imp. S.-Petersburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 372. 1880 (Figures 1, 2).
Type: Turkestan, inter Chus et Pendshakent S. Samarkand, 26.5., O.A. Fedtschenko 241 (Holotype: LE!; Isotype: K).
Syn.: Tragacantha globiceps (Bunge) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 945 (1891); Alopecias globiceps (Bunge) Nevski, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 256 (1937); Astragalus flavicomus Bunge, Izv. Imp. Obshch. Ljubit. Estestv. Moskovsk. Univ. 26(2): 245 (1880); A. timuranus Franch., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 6, 15: 256 (1883); A. agameticus Lipsky. Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada xviii. 38 (1900); A. globiceps subsp. agameticus (Lipsky) Popov, Bjull. Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. 14: 137 (1926); A. macropshaerus Freyn & Sint., Bull. Herb. Boiss., sér. 2, 4: 1116 (1904); A. jakkabagi Lipsky, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada xxvi. 160 (1910); A. globiceps f. jakkabagi (Lipsky) Popov, Bjull. Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. 14: 137 (1926); A. androssowii Litv., Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 7: 73 (1910); A. globiceps subsp. agameticus f. sphaeroides Popov, Bjull. Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. 14: 137 (1926); A. czuiliensis Golosk. B ot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Bot. Acad. Nauk Kazakhsk. S.S.R. ii. 19 (1964) [15].
Description. Plants ca. 35 to 70 cm tall. Stems erect, 3.5 to 7 mm in diameter, densely hairy. Stipules usually green, filiform, 10 to 25 mm long, shortly adnate to the petiole, hairy and ciliate at the margins. Leaves 17 to 25 cm long; rachis hairy. Leaflets 15 to 25 pairs, elliptic to obovate, 14-25 x 7-14 mm, usually acuminate, on upper side usually glabrous, on underside densely hairy. Peduncles robust, 5 to 8 cm long, hairy like the stem and rachis. Racemes globose to shortly cylindric, 3 to 6 cm in diameter, with numerous flowers; axis densely covered with spreading long hairs. Bracts linear, 8 to 13 mm long, usually ciliate. Pedicels up to ca. 1 mm long. Bracteoles filiform, 6 to12 mm long, ciliate. Calyx tubular, 18 to 27 mm long, densely covered with long hairs; teeth subulate to filiform, 5 to 13 mm long. Petals yellow, glabrous. Standard 23 to 29 mm long; blade elliptic to obovate, 6 to 8 mm wide, rounded to slightly emarginated; claw short. Wings 23 to 31 mm long; blades narrowly oblong, obtuse, 12-16 x 3-4 mm. Keel 22 to 30 mm long; blades triangular-elliptic, obtuse, 12-15 x 5-6 mm; auricle short. Stamen tube obliquely cut at the mouth, 22 to 23 mm long. Ovary 9 to 11 mm long, densely covered with long hairs; style hairy in lower part. Legumes unripen [15].
Phenology. Flowering June-July.
Specimen seen. Iran. Khorassan province: SW Sarakhs, Passkamar village, 01.06.1995, 480 m, Rafeie & Zangoorie 25690 (FUMH! T!).
The above description is written on the basis of the mentioned specimen and the description written by Podlech & Zarre [15]. The specimen was collected from an area close to Iran-Turkmenistan-Afghanistan frontiers a quarter of a century ago. In our description of the species, fruit (legume) characteristics were not presented. This is due to the fact that there were not ripened fruits in our specimen, as they did not probably have ripened fruits when they made other descriptions, either. Taking this record into consideration, the elevation range of the habitats for this species is changed to 480-1100 m.
Fig. 1. Astragalus globiceps Bunge; Rafeie & Zangoorie 25690 [FUMH]
Fig. 2. Distribution map of Astragalus globiceps Bunge (ê).
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the kind help of FUMH Herbarium for providing the plant specimens. The research is supported by the Research Deputy of Kharazmi University (Project 4/2579 “The study of flora of genus Astragalus in Khorassan province” to Farrokh Ghahremaninejad).